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Last modified: 1 February 1999

Rieske iron-sulphur proteins
Iron-sulphur cluster Formal oxidation states
Rieske image
[Fe2S2](SgammaCys)2(NdeltaHis)2
    [Fe2S2]+ (S=1/2);
    [Fe2S2]2+ (S=0)

The [Fe2S2] clusters of the Rieske proteins of electron­transfer chains (cytochrome bc1 complex and cytochrome b6f complex) and of the hydroxylase and/or ferredoxin component of aromatic­ring­hydroxylating dioxygenases (phthalate dioxygenase, benzene, napthalene and toluene 1,2­dioxygenases) have similar chemical structures [1]. Comparison of amino acid sequences has revealed the following consensus sequence: 

CxH(15-17 aa)CxxH
3­D structures are known for soluble C­terminal fragments of Rieske proteins from bovine heart mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex [2] and spinach chloroplast cytochrome b6f complex [3] (see Figure 1RIE). The overall fold, comprising two subdomains, is dominated by antiparallel ß­structure and contains the only alpha­helix. The smaller `cluster­binding' subdomains in mitochondrial (residues 137-180) and chloroplast (residues 105-147) proteins are virtually identical, whereas the large subdomains are substantially different in spite of a common folding topology [3]. The Rieske protein of the cytochrome bc1 complex and the Rieske domain (residues 38-158) of naphthalene 1,2­dioxygenase [4] have a very similar structure. In all three proteins, the [Fe2S2] cluster­binding subdomains have the topology of an incomplete antiparallel ß­barrel. The [Fe2S2] cluster is coordinated by two Cys and two His residues. The ligands coordinating the cluster originate from two loops; each loop contributes one Cys and one His: 
                    +H3N
                      :  ,---------.
                      :  |         |
                      `------C-H---'
                         |   \ /     
                         |    Fe
                         |   /  \   
                         |  S    S
                         |   \  /
                         |    Fe
                   ¯OOC  |   /  \   
                      :  `---C--H--.
                      :            |
                      `------------'

Rieske iron-sulphur proteins in motif databases

PRINTS ID PRINTS AC PROSITE/BLOCKS ID PROSITE AC BLOCKS AC
RIESKE PR00162 RIESKE_1
RIESKE_2		 PS00199
PS00200		 BL00199
RNGDIOXGNASE PR00090 RING_HYDROXYL_ALPHA PS00570 BL00570

Rieske iron-sulphur proteins in alignment databases

Protein Superfamily Pfam LPFC 3­D alignment MolMovDB
00010; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase Fe-S protein
PF00355; Rieske
-
isp

Rieske iron-sulphur proteins in 3­D databases

Rieske protein contains a single [Fe2S2] cluster (see Figure 1RIE b).

PDB scop BSMRELI
Base		 Header MMS Abstract ¹
1bcc
-
 1bcc
-
 Cytochrome bc1 complex (complex with ubiquinone­10, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and B­octylglucoside); chicken (heart mitochondrial)
-
1be3
-
 1be3
-
 Cytochrome bc1 complex; bovine (heart mitochondrial)
-
1bgy
-
 1bgy
-
 Cytochrome bc1 complex; bovine (heart mitochondrial)
-
1qcr
-
 1qcr
-
 Cytochrome bc1 complex (Calpha atoms only); bovine (heart mitochondrial)
-
1rie 1rie 1rie 1rie Rieske iron-sulphur protein of the cytochrome bc1 complex (water soluble fragment); bovine heart mitochondrial MS7RL4
1rfs
-
 1rfs 1rfs Rieske iron-sulphur protein of the cytochrome b6f complex (water soluble fragment); spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaf chloroplast
-
3bcc
-
 3bcc
-
 Cytochrome bc1 complex (complex with stigmatellin and antimycin); chicken (heart mitochondrial)
-

¹ Macromolecular Structures abstract. Full text is available to BioMedNet Members

References

  1. Mason, J.R. and Cammack, R. (1992) The electron­transport proteins of hydroxylating bacterial dioxygenases. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 46, 277-305.
  2. Iwata, S., Saynovits, M., Link, T.A. and Michel, H. (1996) Structure of a water soluble fragment of the `Rieske' iron-sulfur protein of the bovine heart mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex determined by MAD phasing at 1.5 Å resolution. Structure 4, 567-579.
  3. Carrell, C.J., Zhang, H., Cramer, W.A. and Smith, J.L. (1997) Biological identity and diversity in photosynthesis and respiration: Structure of the lumen­side domain of the chloroplast Rieske protein. Structure 5, 1613-1625.
  4. Kauppi, B., Lee, K., Carredano, E., Parales, R.E., Gibson, D.T., Eklund, H. and Ramaswamy, S. (1998) Structure of an aromatic­ring­hydroxylating dioxygenase - naphthalene 1,2­dioxygenase. Structure 6, 571-586.
Bibliography on structural studies of Rieske iron-sulphur proteins
Bibliography on structural studies of cytochrome bc1 complex
Reviews on cytochrome bc1 complex