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Bibliography on structural studies of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases

  1. Abita, J.P., Parniak, M. and Kaufman, S. (1984) The activation of rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase by limited proteolysis, lysolecithin, and tocopherol phosphate. Changes in conformation and catalytic properties. J. Biol. Chem. 259, 14560-14566.
  2. Adams, J.D., Jr., Klaidman, L.K. and Ribeiro, P. (1997) Tyrosine hydroxylase: mechanisms of oxygen radical formation. Redox Rep. 3, 273-279.
  3. Andersson, K.K., Cox, D.D., Que, L., Jr., Flatmark, T. and Haavik, J. (1988) Resonance Raman studies on the blue­green­colored bovine adrenal tyrosine 3­monooxygenase (tyrosine hydroxylase). Evidence that the feedback inhibitors adrenaline and noradrenaline are coordinated to iron. J. Biol. Chem. 263, 18621-18626.
  4. Andersson, K.K., Vassort, C., Brennan, B.A., Que, L., Jr., Haavik, J., Flatmark, T., Gros, F. and Thibault, J. (1992) Purification and characterization of the blue­green rat phaeochromocytoma (PC12) tyrosine hydroxylase with a dopamine-Fe(III) complex. Reversal of the endogenous feedback inhibition by phosphorylation of serine­40. Biochem. J. 284, 687-695.
  5. Benkovic, S.J., Wallick, D., Bloom, L.M., Gaffney, B.J., Domanico, P., Dix, T.A. and Pember, S. (1985) On the mechanism of action of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 13, 436-438
  6. Benkovic, S.J., Bloom, L.M., Bollag, G., Dix, T.A., Gaffney, B.J. and Pember, S. (1986) The mechanism of action of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 471, 226-232.
  7. Bloom, L.M., Benkovic, S.J. and Gaffney, B.J. (1986) Characterization of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Biochemistry 25, 4204-4210.
  8. Chehin, R., Thorolfsson, M., Knappskog, P.M., Martínez, A., Flatmark, T., Arrondo, J.L.R. and Muga, A. (1998) Domain structure and stability of human phenylalanine hydroxylase inferred from infrared spectroscopy. FEBS Lett. 422, 225-230.
  9. Dickson, P.W., Jennings, I.G. and Cotton, R.G. (1994) Delineation of the catalytic core of phenylalanine hydroxylase and identification of glutamate 286 as a critical residue for pterin function. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 20369-20375.
  10. Dix, T.A. and Benkovic, S.J. (1985) Mechanism of "uncoupled" tetrahydropterin oxidation by phenylalanine hydroxylase. Biochemistry 24, 5839-5846.
  11. Dix, T.A., Bollag, G.E., Domanico, P.L. and Benkovic, S.J. (1985) Phenylalanine hydroxylase: absolute configuration and source of oxygen of the 4a­hydroxytetrahydropterin species. Biochemistry 24, 2955-2958.
  12. Erlandsen, H., Martínez, A., Knappskog, P.M., Haavik, J., Hough, E. and Flatmark, T. (1997a) Crystallization and preliminary diffraction analysis of a truncated homodimer of human phenylalanine hydroxylase. FEBS Lett. 406, 171-174.
  13. Erlandsen, H., Fusetti, F., Martínez, A., Hough, E., Flatmark, T. and Stevens, R.C. (1997b) Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human phenylalanine hydroxylase reveals the structural basis for phenylketonuria. Nature Struct. Biol. 4, 995-1000.
  14. Erlandsen, H., Flatmark, T., Stevens, R.C. and Hough, E. (1998) Crystallographic analysis of the human phenylalanine hydroxylase catalytic domain with bound catechol inhibitors at 2.0 Å resolution. Biochemistry 37, 15638-15646.
  15. Fisher, D.B., Kirkwood, R. and Kaufman, S. (1972) Rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase, an iron enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 247, 5161-5167.
  16. Fusetti, F., Erlandsen, H., Flatmark, T. and Stevens, R.C. (1998) Structure of tetrameric human phenylalanine hydroxylase and its implications for phenylketonuria. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 16962-16967.
  17. Gahn, L.G. and Roskoski, R., Jr. (1993) Tyrosine hydroxylase activity and extrinsic fluorescence changes produced by polyanions. Biochem. J. 295, 189-194.
  18. Gahn, L.G. and Roskoski, R., Jr. (1995) Thermal stability and CD analysis of rat tyrosine hydroxylase. Biochemistry 34, 252-256.
  19. Goodwill, K.E., Sabatier, C., Marks, C., Raag, R., Fitzpatrick, P.F. and Stevens, R.C. (1997) Crystal structure of tyrosine hydroxylase at 2.3 Å and its implications for inherited neurodegenerative diseases. Nature Struct. Biol. 4, 578-585.
  20. Goodwill, K.E., Sabatier, C. and Stevens, R.C. (1998) Crystal structure of tyrosine hydroxylase with bound cofactor analogue and iron at 2.3 Å resolution: Self­hydroxylation of Phe300 and the pterin­binding site. Biochemistry 37, 13437-13445.
  21. Gottschall, D.W., Dietrich, R.F., Benkovic, S.J. and Shiman, R. (1982) Phenylalanine hydroxylase. Correlation of the iron content with activity and the preparation and reconstitution of the apoenzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 257, 845-849.
  22. Haavik, J., Doskeland, A.P. and Flatmark, T. (1986) Stereoselective effects in the interactions of pterin cofactors with rat­liver phenylalanine 4­monooxygenase. Eur. J. Biochem. 160, 1-8.
  23. Haavik, J., Andersson, K.K., Petersson, L. and Flatmark, T. (1988) Soluble tyrosine hydroxylase (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) from bovine adrenal medulla: large­scale purification and physicochemical properties. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 953, 142-156.
  24. Haavik, J., Le Bourdelles, B., Martínez, A., Flatmark, T. and Mallet, J. (1991) Recombinant human tyrosine hydroxylase isozymes. Reconstitution with iron and inhibitory effect of other metal ions. Eur. J. Biochem. 199, 371-378.
  25. Haavik, J., Martínez, A., Olafsdottir, S., Mallet, J. and Flatmark, T. (1992) The incorporation of divalent metal ions into recombinant human tyrosine hydroxylase apoenzymes studied by intrinsic fluorescence and 1H­NMR spectroscopy. Eur. J. Biochem. 210, 23-31.
  26. Haavik, J., Bill, E., Lengen, M., Martínez, A., Flatmark, T. and Trautwein, A.X. (1993) Characterization of the iron environment in recombinant human tyrosine hydroxylase, using Mössbauer and EPR­spectroscopy. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 338, 71-76.
  27. Kappock, T.J., Harkins, P.C., Friedenberg, S. and Caradonna, J.P. (1995) Spectroscopic and kinetic properties of unphosphorylated rat hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase expressed in Escherichia coli. Comparison of resting and activated states. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 30532-30544.
  28. Kemsley, J.N., Mitic, N., Zaleski, K.L., Caradonna, J.P. and Solomon, E.I. (1999) Circular dichroism and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy of the catalytically competent ferrous active site of phenylalanine hydroxylase and its interaction with pterin cofactor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 1528-1536.
  29. Knappskog, P.M. and Haavik, J. (1995) Tryptophan fluorescence of human phenylalanine hydroxylase produced in Escherichia coli. Biochemistry 34, 11790-11799.
  30. Knappskog, P.M., Flatmark, T., Aarden, J.M., Haavik, J. and Martínez, A. (1996) Structure/function relationships in human phenylalanine hydroxylase. Effect of terminal deletions on the oligomerization, activation and cooperativity of substrate binding to the enzyme. Eur. J. Biochem. 242, 813-821.
  31. Kobe, B., Jennings, I.G., House, C.M., Feil, S.C., Michell, B.J., Tiganis, T., Parker, M.W., Cotton, R.G. and Kemp, B.E. (1997) Regulation and crystallization of phosphorylated and dephosphorylated forms of truncated dimeric phenylalanine hydroxylase. Protein Science 6, 1352-1357.
  32. Koizumi, S., Tanaka, F., Kaneda, N., Kano, K. and Nagatsu, T. (1988) Nanosecond pulse fluorometry of conformational change in phenylalanine hydroxylase associated with activation. Biochemistry 27, 640-646.
  33. Lazarus, R.A., Dietrich, R.F., Wallick, D.E. and Benkovic, S.J. (1981) On the mechanism of action of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Biochemistry 20, 6834-6841.
  34. Lazarus, R.A., Wallick, D.E., Dietrich, R.F., Gottschall, D.W., Benkovic, S.J., Gaffney, B.J. and Shiman, R. (1982) The mechanism of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Fed. Proc. 41, 2605-2607
  35. Lloyd, T. and Weiner, N. (1971) Isolation and characterization of a tyrosine hydroxylase cofactor from bovine adrenal medulla. Mol. Pharmacol. 7, 569-580.
  36. Lloyd, T., Mori, T. and Kaufman, S. (1971) 6­Methyltetrahydropterin. Isolation and identification as the highly active hydroxylase cofactor from tetrahydrofolate. Biochemistry 10, 2330-2336.
  37. Loeb, K.E., Westre, T.E., Kappock, T.J., Mitic, N., Glasfeld, E., Caradonna, J.P., Hedman, B., Hodgson, K.O. and Solomon, E.I. (1997) Spectroscopic characterization of the catalytically competent ferrous site of the resting, activated, and substrate­bound forms of phenylalanine hydroxylase. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 1901-1915.
  38. Marota, J.J. and Shiman, R. (1984) Stoichiometric reduction of phenylalanine hydroxylase by its cofactor: A requirement for enzymatic activity. Biochemistry 23, 1303-1311.
  39. Martínez, A., Haavik, J. and Flatmark, T. (1990) Cooperative homotropic interaction of L­noradrenaline with the catalytic site of phenylalanine 4­monooxygenase. Eur. J. Biochem. 193, 211-219.
  40. Martínez, A., Andersson, K.K., Haavik, J. and Flatmark, T. (1991) EPR and 1H­NMR spectroscopic studies on the paramagnetic iron at the active site of phenylalanine hydroxylase and its interaction with substrates and inhibitors. Eur. J. Biochem. 198, 675-682.
  41. Martínez, A., Olafsdottir, S. and Flatmark, T. (1993a) The cooperative binding of phenylalanine to phenylalanine 4­monooxygenase studied by 1H­NMR paramagnetic relaxation. Changes in water accessibility to the iron at the active site upon substrate binding. Eur. J. Biochem. 211, 259-266.
  42. Martínez, A., Abeygunawardana, C., Haavik, J., Flatmark, T. and Mildvan, A.S. (1993b) Conformation and interaction of phenylalanine with the divalent cation at the active site of human recombinant tyrosine hydroxylase as determined by proton NMR. Biochemistry 32, 6381-6390.
  43. Martínez, A., Abeygunawardana, C., Haavik, J., Flatmark, T. and Mildvan, A.S. (1993c) Interaction of substrate and pterin cofactor with the metal of human tyrosine hydroxylase as determined by 1H­NMR. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 338, 77-80.
  44. Martínez, A., Haavik, J., Flatmark, T., Arrondo, J.L.R. and Muga, A. (1996) Conformational properties and stability of tyrosine hydroxylase studied by infrared spectroscopy. Effect of iron/catecholamine binding and phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 19737-19742.
  45. Meyer­Klaucke, W., Winkler, H., Schünemann, V., Trautwein, A.X., Nolting, H.­F. and Haavik, J. (1996) Mössbauer, electron­paramagnetic­resonance and X­ray­absorption fine­structure studies of the iron environment in recombinant human tyrosine hydroxylase. Eur. J. Biochem. 241, 432-439.
  46. Michaud­Soret, I., Andersson, K.K., Que, L., Jr. and Haavik, J. (1995) Resonance Raman studies of catecholate and phenolate complexes of recombinant human tyrosine hydroxylase. Biochemistry 34, 5504-5510.
  47. Muga, A., Arrondo, J.L.E., Martínez, A., Flatmark, T. and Haavik, J. (1998) The effect of phosphorylation at Ser­40 on the structure and thermal stability of tyrosine hydroxylase. Adv. Pharmacol. 42, 15-18.
  48. Palumbo, A., Misuraca, G., D'Ischia, M. and Prota, G. (1985) Effect of metal ions on the kinetics of tyrosine oxidation catalysed by tyrosinase. Biochem. J. 228, 647-651.
  49. Parniak, M.A., Davis, M.D. and Kaufman, S. (1988) Effect of alkaline pH on the activity of rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase. J. Biol. Chem. 263, 1223-1230.
  50. Phillips, R.S., Parniak, M. and Kaufman, S. (1984) Spectroscopic investigation of ligand interaction with hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase: evidence for a conformational change associated with activation. Biochemistry 23, 3836-3842.
  51. Ramsey, A.J., Daubner, S.C., Ehrlich, J.I. and Fitzpatrick, P.F. (1995) Identification of iron ligands in tyrosine hydroxylase by mutagenesis of conserved histidinyl residues. Protein Science 4, 2082-2086.
  52. Ramsey, A.J., Hillas, P.J. and Fitzpatrick, P.F. (1996) Characterization of the active site iron in tyrosine hydroxylase. Redox states of the iron. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 24395-24400.
  53. Roskoski, R., Jr., Gahn, L.G. and Roskoski, L.M. (1993) Inactivation of phosphorylated rat tyrosine hydroxylase by ascorbate in vitro. Eur. J. Biochem. 218, 363-370.
  54. Wallick, D.E., Bloom, L.M., Gaffney, B.J. and Benkovic, S.J. (1984) Reductive activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase and its effect on the redox state of the non­heme iron. Biochemistry 23, 1295-1302.
  55. Yang, A.S. and Gaffney, B.J. (1987) Determination of relative spin concentration in some high­spin ferric proteins using E/D­distribution in electron paramagnetic resonance simulations. Biophys. J. 51, 55-67.
Reviews on aromatic amino acid hydroxylases